Mycorrhizal Fungi: An Insight into Its Role in Plant Health and Soil Ecology

Mycorrhizal fungi is a term used to describe a group of beneficial fungi that form a symbiotic association with plant roots. This relationship between the plant and the fungi helps in nutrient exchange and plays a crucial role in the health of the plant and the soil ecology. In this article, we will explore the different types of mycorrhizal fungi , their benefits, and how they function. Types of Mycorrhizal Fungi There are two main types of mycorrhizal fungi – endomycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal. Endomycorrhizal fungi penetrate the root cells of the plant, whereas ectomycorrhizal fungi form a sheath around the roots. Endomycorrhizal fungi are further divided into two types – arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (EMF). AMF is the most common type of mycorrhizal fungi found in most plant species. It helps in the absorption of phosphorus and other nutrients from the soil. EMF, on the other hand, is found in heathlands and helps plants to grow in acidic s...